# LPTMS Publications

Archives :
• ## Absolutely classical spin states

### F. Bohnet-Waldraff 1, 2 O. Giraud 1 D. Braun 2

#### Physical Review A, American Physical Society, 2017, 95 (1), pp.012318

We introduce the concept of "absolutely classical" spin states, in analogy to absolutely separable states of bi-partite quantum systems. Absolutely classical states are states that remain classical under any unitary transformation applied to them. We investigate the maximum ball of absolutely classical states centered on the fully mixed state that can be inscribed into the set of classical states, and derive a lower bound for its radius as function of the total spin quantum number. The result is compared to the case of absolutely separable states.

• 1. LPTMS - Laboratoire de Physique Théorique et Modèles Statistiques
• 2. Eberhard Karls Universität Tübingen

Details
• ## Adaptive Response of Actin Bundles under Mechanical Stress

### Florian Rückerl 1 Martin Lenz 2 Timo Betz 1 John Manzi 1 Jean-Louis Martiel 3 Mahassine Safouane 1 Rajaa Paterski-Boujemaa 3 Laurent Blanchoin 3 Cécile Sykes 1

#### Biophysical Journal, Biophysical Society, 2017, 113 (5), pp.1072 - 1079. 〈10.1016/j.bpj.2017.07.017〉

Actin is one of the main components of the architecture of cells. Actin filaments form different polymer networks with versatile mechanical properties that depend on their spatial organization and the presence of cross-linkers. Here, we investigate the mechanical properties of actin bundles in the absence of cross-linkers. Bundles are polymerized from the surface of mDia1-coated latex beads, and deformed by manipulating both ends through attached beads held by optical tweezers, allowing us to record the applied force. Bundle properties are strikingly different from the ones of a homogeneous isotropic beam. Successive compression and extension leads to a decrease in the buckling force that we attribute to the bundle remaining slightly curved after the first deformation. Furthermore, we find that the bundle is solid, and stiff to bending, along the long axis, whereas it has a liquid and viscous behavior in the transverse direction. Interpretation of the force curves using a Maxwell visco-elastic model allows us to extract the bundle mechanical parameters and confirms that the bundle is composed of weakly coupled filaments. At short times, the bundle behaves as an elastic material, whereas at long times, filaments flow in the longitudinal direction, leading to bundle restructuring. Deviations from the model reveal a complex adaptive rheological behavior of bundles. Indeed, when allowed to anneal between phases of compression and extension, the bundle reinforces. Moreover, we find that the characteristic visco-elastic time is inversely proportional to the compression speed. Actin bundles are therefore not simple force transmitters, but instead, complex mechano-transducers that adjust their mechanics to external stimulation. In cells, where actin bundles are mechanical sensors, this property could contribute to their adaptability.

• 1. PCC - Physico-Chimie-Curie
• 2. LPTMS - Laboratoire de Physique Théorique et Modèles Statistiques
• 3. LPCV - Laboratoire de physiologie cellulaire végétale
• ## Analysis of coherent quantum cryptography protocol vulnerability to an active beam-splitting attack

### A K KronbergE. O. Kiktenko 1 A. K. Fedorov 2 Y. V. Kurochkin 3 D. A. Kronberg

#### Quantum Electronics, Turpion, 2017, 47 (2), pp.163 - 168

We consider a new type of attack on a coherent quantum key distribution protocol [coherent one-way (COW) protocol]. The main idea of the attack consists in measuring individually the intercepted states and sending the rest of them unchanged. We have calculated the optimum values of the attack parameters for an arbitrary length of a channel length and compared this novel attack with a standard beam-splitting attack.

• 1. Bauman Moscow State Technical University
• 2. LPTMS - Laboratoire de Physique Théorique et Modèles Statistiques
• 3. Russian Quantum Center

Details
• ## Archive ouverte HAL – Characterizing Thermal Mixing Dynamic Nuclear Polarization via Cross-Talk between Spin Reservoirs

### David Guarin 1 Sina Marhabaie 1 Alberto Rosso 1, 2 Daniel Abergel 1 Geoffrey Bodenhausen 1 Konstantin Ivanov 3 Dennis Kurzbach 1

#### Journal of Physical Chemistry Letters, American Chemical Society, 2017, 8 (22), pp.5531-5536. 〈10.1021/acs.jpclett.7b02233〉

Dynamic nuclear polarization (DNP) embraces a family of methods to increase signal intensities in nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy. Despite extensive theoretical work that allows one to distinguish at least five distinct mechanisms, it remains challenging to determine the relative weights of the processes that are responsible for DNP in state-of-the-art experiments operating with stable organic radicals like nitroxides at high magnetic fields and low temperatures. Specifically, determining experimental conditions where DNP involves thermal mixing, which denotes a spontaneous heat exchange between different spin reservoirs, remains challenging. We propose an experimental approach to ascertain the prevalence of the thermal mixing regime by monitoring characteristic signature properties of the time evolution of the hyperpolarization. We find that thermal mixing is the dominant DNP mechanism at high nitroxide radical concentrations, while a mixture of different mechanisms prevails at lower concentrations.

• 1. LBM UMR 7203 - Laboratoire des biomolécules
• 2. LPTMS - Laboratoire de Physique Théorique et Modèles Statistiques
• 3. NSU - Novosibirsk State University
• ## Archive ouverte HAL – Conformal field theory of critical Casimir forces between surfaces with alternating boundary conditions in two dimensions

### Jerome Dubail 1 R. Santachiara 2 T. Emig 3

#### Journal of Statistical Mechanics: Theory and Experiment, IOP Science, 2017, 2017 (3), pp.033201

• 1. LPCT - Laboratoire de Physique et Chimie Théoriques
• 2. LPTMS - Laboratoire de Physique Théorique et Modèles Statistiques
• 3. MIT - Massachusetts Institute of Technology
• ## Archive ouverte HAL – Ecological plant epigenetics: Evidence from model and non-model species, and the way forward

### Christina RichardsConchita AlonsoClaude Becker 1 Oliver Bossdorf 2 Etienne Bucher 3 Maria Colome-Tatche 4 Walter Durka 5 Jan EngelhardtBence GasparAndreas Gogol-DöringIvo Grosse 6 Thomas Van GurpKatrin Heer 7 Ilkka Kronholm 8 Christian LampeiVít LatzelMarie Mirouze 9 Lars OpgenoorthOvidiu Paun 10 Sonja ProhaskaStefan RensingPeter Stadler 11 Emiliano Trucchi 12 Kristian UllrichKoen VerhoevenTim Coulson 13

#### Ecology Letters, Wiley, 2017, 20 (12), pp.1576-1590. 〈10.1111/ele.12858〉

• 1. GMI - Gregor Mendel Institute of Molecular Plant Biology
• 2. Plant Evolutionary Ecology
• 3. IRHS - Institut de Recherche en Horticulture et Semences
• 4. LPTMS - Laboratoire de Physique Théorique et Modèles Statistiques
• 5. UFZ - Helmholtz Zentrum für Umweltforschung
• 6. Inst Comp Sci
• 7. Institute of Experimental Ecology Germany, Conservation Biology and Ecology
• 8. Department of Plant Breeding and Genetics
• 10. Department of Botany and Biodiversity Research
• 11. Carl Maria von Weber—Collected Works
• 12. CEES - Centre for Ecological and Evolutionary Synthesis
• 13. Department of Zoology [Oxford]
• ## Archive ouverte HAL – Hall voltage drives pulsing counter-currents of the sliding charge density wave and of quantized normal carriers at self-filled Landau levels

### Andrey Orlov 1 Aleksander Sinchenko 1 Pierre Monceau 2 Serguei Brazovskii 3 Yuri Latyshev 1

#### npj Quantum Materials, 2017, 2 (1), pp.61. 〈10.1038/s41535-017-0070-3〉

• 1. IRE - Kotel'nikov Institute of Radio Engineering and Electronics
• 2. MagSup - Magnétisme et Supraconductivité
• 3. LPTMS - Laboratoire de Physique Théorique et Modèles Statistiques
• ## Archive ouverte HAL – Large deviations

### Satya N. Majumdar 1 Gregory Schehr 1

This is a brief pedagogical introduction to the theory of large deviations. It appeared in the ICTS Newsletter 2017 (Volume 3, Issue 2), goo.gl/pZWA6X.

• 1. LPTMS - Laboratoire de Physique Théorique et Modèles Statistiques

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• ## Archive ouverte HAL – Non-equilibrium fluctuations of a semi-flexible filament driven by active cross-linkers

### Ines Weber 1, 2 Cecile Appert-Rolland 2 Gregory Schehr 3 Ludger Santen 1

#### EPL - Europhysics Letters, European Physical Society/EDP Sciences/Società Italiana di Fisica/IOP Publishing, 2017

The cytoskeleton is an inhomogeneous network of semi-flexible filaments, which are involved in a wide variety of active biological processes. Although the cytoskeletal filaments can be very stiff and embedded in a dense and cross-linked network, it has been shown that, in cells, they typically exhibit significant bending on all length scales. In this work we propose a model of a semi-flexible filament deformed by different types of cross-linkers for which one can compute and investigate the bending spectrum. Our model allows to couple the evolution of the deformation of the semi-flexible polymer with the stochastic dynamics of linkers which exert transversal forces onto the filament. We observe a $q^{-2}$ dependence of the bending spectrum for some biologically relevant parameters and in a certain range of wavenumbers $q$. However, generically, the spatially localized forcing and the non-thermal dynamics both introduce deviations from the thermal-like $q^{-2}$ spectrum.

• 1. Saarland University [Saarbrücken]
• 2. LPT - Laboratoire de Physique Théorique d'Orsay [Orsay]
• 3. LPTMS - Laboratoire de Physique Théorique et Modèles Statistiques

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• ## Archive ouverte HAL – Quantum quenches with random matrix Hamiltonians and disordered potentials

### Fabian Kolley 1 Oriol Bohigas 2 Boris V. Fine 1, 3

#### Annalen der Physik, 2017

We numerically investigate statistical ensembles for the occupations of eigenstates of an isolated quantum system emerging as a result of quantum quenches. The systems investigated are sparse random matrix Hamiltonians and disordered lattices. In the former case, the quench consists of sudden switching-on the off-diagonal elements of the Hamiltonian. In the latter case, it is sudden switching-on of the hopping between adjacent lattice sites. The quench-induced ensembles are compared with the so-called "quantum micro-canonical" (QMC) ensemble describing quantum superpositions with fixed energy expectation values. Our main finding is that quantum quenches with sparse random matrices having one special diagonal element lead to the condensation phenomenon predicted for the QMC ensemble. Away from the QMC condensation regime, the overall agreement with the QMC predictions is only qualitative for both random matrices and disordered lattices but with some cases of a very good quantitative agreement. In the case of disordered lattices, the QMC ensemble can be used to estimate the probability of finding a particle in a localized or delocalized eigenstate.

• 1. University of Heidelberg
• 2. LPTMS - Laboratoire de Physique Théorique et Modèles Statistiques
• 3. Skoltech - Skolkovo Institute of Science and Technology [Moscow]

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• ## Archive ouverte HAL – Statistics of fermions in a $d$-dimensional box near a hard wall

### Bertrand Lacroix-A-Chez-Toine 1 Pierre Le Doussal 2 Satya N. Majumdar 1 Gregory Schehr 1

#### EPL - Europhysics Letters, European Physical Society/EDP Sciences/Società Italiana di Fisica/IOP Publishing, 2017

We study $N$ noninteracting fermions in a domain bounded by a hard wall potential in $d \geq 1$ dimensions. We show that for large $N$, the correlations at the edge of the Fermi gas (near the wall) at zero temperature are described by a universal kernel, different from the universal edge kernel valid for smooth potentials. We compute this $d$ dimensional hard edge kernel exactly for a spherical domain and argue, using a generalized method of images, that it holds close to any sufficiently smooth boundary. As an application we compute the quantum statistics of the position of the fermion closest to the wall. Our results are then extended in several directions, including non-smooth boundaries such as a wedge, and also to finite temperature.

• 1. LPTMS - Laboratoire de Physique Théorique et Modèles Statistiques
• 2. LPTENS - Laboratoire de Physique Théorique de l'ENS

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• ## Archive ouverte HAL – Statistics of fermions in a d-dimensional box near a hard wall

### Bertrand Lacroix-A-Chez-Toine 1 Pierre Le Doussal 2 Satya Majumdar 1 Grégory Schehr 1

#### EPL, 2017, 120 (1), pp.10006. 〈10.1209/0295-5075/120/10006〉

We study N noninteracting fermions in a domain bounded by a hard-wall potential in dimensions. We show that for large N, the correlations at the edge of the Fermi gas (near the wall) at zero temperature are described by a universal kernel, different from the universal edge kernel valid for smooth confining potentials. We compute this d-dimensional hard edge kernel exactly for a spherical domain and argue, using a generalized method of images, that it holds close to any sufficiently smooth boundary. As an application we compute the quantum statistics of the position of the fermion closest to the hard wall. Our results are then extended in several directions, including non-smooth boundaries such as a wedge, and also to finite temperature.

• 1. LPTMS - Laboratoire de Physique Théorique et Modèles Statistiques
• 2. LPTENS - Laboratoire de Physique Théorique de l'ENS

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• ## Asymptotically optimal control for a simplest distributed system

### Alexander Ovseevich 1 Aleksey Fedorov 2

#### Доклады Академии Наук / Doklady Mathematics, MAIK Nauka/Interperiodica, 2017, 95 (2), pp.194 - 197

We study the problem of the minimum-time damping of a closed string under a bounded load, applied at a single fixed point. A constructive feedback control law is designed, which allows bringing the system to a bounded neighbourhood of the terminal manifold. The law has the form of the dry friction at the point, where the load is applied. The motion under the control is governed by a nonlinear wave equation. The existence and uniqueness of solution of the Cauchy problem for this equation are proved. The main result is the asymptotic optimality of the suggested control law.

• 1. Institute for Problems in Mechanics of Russian Academy of Sciences
• 2. LPTMS - Laboratoire de Physique Théorique et Modèles Statistiques

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• ## Avalanches dynamics in reaction fronts in disordered flows

### T. Chevalier 1 A. Dubey 1 S. Atis 1 A. Rosso 2 D. Salin 1 L. Talon 1

#### Physical Review E , American Physical Society (APS), 2017, 95 (4), 〈10.1103/PhysRevE.95.042210〉

• 1. FAST - Fluides, automatique, systèmes thermiques
• 2. LPTMS - Laboratoire de Physique Théorique et Modèles Statistiques
• ## Bloch oscillations in the absence of a lattice

### Florian Meinert 1 Michael Knap 2 Emil Kirilov 1 Katharina Jag-Lauber 1 Mikhail B. Zvonarev 3 Eugene Demler 4 Hanns-Christoph Nägerl 1

#### Science, American Association for the Advancement of Science, 2017, 356 (6341), pp.945 - 948

We experimentally investigate the quantum motion of an impurity atom that is immersed in a strongly interacting one-dimensional Bose liquid and is subject to an external force. We find that the momentum distribution of the impurity exhibits characteristic Bragg reflections at the edge of an emergent Brillouin zone. While Bragg reflections are typically associated with lattice structures, in our strongly correlated quantum liquid they result from the interplay of short-range crystalline order and kinematic constraints on the many-body scattering processes in the one-dimensional system. As a consequence, the impurity exhibits periodic dynamics that we interpret as Bloch oscillations, which arise even though the quantum liquid is translationally invariant. Our observations are supported by large-scale numerical simulations.

• 1. Institut für Experimentalphysik und Zentrum für Quantenphysik Universitat Innsbruck
• 2. TUM - Technical University of Munich
• 3. LPTMS - Laboratoire de Physique Théorique et Modèles Statistiques
• 4. Harvard University [Cambridge]

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• ## Cleaning large correlation matrices: tools from random matrix theory

### Joël Bun 1, 2 Jean-Philippe Bouchaud 2 Marc Potters 2

#### Physics Reports, Elsevier, 2017, 666, pp.1

This review covers recent results concerning the estimation of large covariance matrices using tools from Random Matrix Theory (RMT). We introduce several RMT methods and analytical techniques, such as the Replica formalism and Free Probability, with an emphasis on the Marchenko-Pastur equation that provides information on the resolvent of multiplicatively corrupted noisy matrices. Special care is devoted to the statistics of the eigenvectors of the empirical correlation matrix, which turn out to be crucial for many applications. We show in particular how these results can be used to build consistent "Rotationally Invariant" estimators (RIE) for large correlation matrices when there is no prior on the structure of the underlying process. The last part of this review is dedicated to some real-world applications within financial markets as a case in point. We establish empirically the efficacy of the RIE framework, which is found to be superior in this case to all previously proposed methods. The case of additively (rather than multiplicatively) corrupted noisy matrices is also dealt with in a special Appendix. Several open problems and interesting technical developments are discussed throughout the paper.

• 1. LPTMS - Laboratoire de Physique Théorique et Modèles Statistiques
• 2. CFM - Capital Fund Management

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• ## Conditioned random walks and interaction-driven condensation

### Juraj Szavits-Nossan 1 Martin R. Evans 1 Satya N. Majumdar 2

#### Journal of Physics A: Mathematical and Theoretical, IOP Publishing, 2017, 50 (2), pp.024005

We consider a discrete-time continuous-space random walk under the constraints that the number of returns to the origin (local time) and the total area under the walk are fixed. We first compute the joint probability of an excursion having area $a$ and returning to the origin for the first time after time $\tau$. We then show how condensation occurs when the total area constraint is increased: an excursion containing a finite fraction of the area emerges. Finally we show how the phenomena generalises previously studied cases of condensation induced by several constraints and how it is related to interaction-driven condensation which allows us to explain the phenomenon in the framework of large deviation theory.

• 1. SUPA, School of Physics, University of Edinburgh
• 2. LPTMS - Laboratoire de Physique Théorique et Modèles Statistiques

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• ## Configurational and energy landscape in one-dimensional Coulomb systems

### Lucas Varela 1 Gabriel Téllez 1 Emmanuel Trizac 2

#### Physical Review E , American Physical Society (APS), 2017, 95 (2), pp.022112

We study a one dimensional Coulomb system, where two charged colloids are neutralized by a collection of point counterions, with global neutrality. Temperature being given, two situations are addressed: the colloids are either kept at fixed positions (canonical ensemble), or the force acting on the colloids is fixed (isobaric-isothermal ensemble). The corresponding partition functions are worked out exactly, in view of determining which arrangement of counterions is optimal: how many counterions should be in the confined segment between the colloids? For the remaining ions outside, is there a left/right symmetry breakdown? We evidence a cascade of transitions, as system size is varied in the canonical treatment, or as pressure is increased in the isobaric formulation.

• 1. Universidad de los Andes
• 2. LPTMS - Laboratoire de Physique Théorique et Modèles Statistiques

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• ## Conformal field theory of critical Casimir forces between surfaces with alternating boundary conditions in two dimensions

### Jerome Dubail 1 Raoul Santachiara 2 Thorsten Emig 3, 2

#### Journal of Statistical Mechanics: Theory and Experiment, IOP Science, 2017, pp.033201

Systems as diverse as binary mixtures and inclusions in biological membranes, and many more, can be described effectively by interacting spins. When the critical fluctuations in these systems are constrained by boundary conditions, critical Casimir forces (CCF) emerge. Here we analyze CCF between boundaries with alternating boundary conditions in two dimensions, employing conformal field theory (CFT). After presenting the concept of boundary changing operators, we specifically consider two different boundary configurations for a strip of critical Ising spins: (I) alternating equi-sized domains of up and down spins on both sides of the strip, with a possible lateral shift, and (II) alternating domains of up and down spins of different size on one side and homogeneously fixed spins on the other side of the strip. Asymptotic results for the CCF at small and large distances are derived. We introduce a novel modified Szeg\"o formula for determinants of real antisymmetric block Toeplitz matrices to obtain the exact CCF and the corresponding scaling functions at all distances. We demonstrate the existence of a surface Renormalization Group flow between universal force amplitudes of different magnitude and sign. The Casimir force can vanish at a stable equilibrium position that can be controlled by parameters of the boundary conditions. Lateral Casimir forces assume a universal simple cosine form at large separations.

• 1. Equipe 106, IJL - Groupe de Physique statistique = Statistical Physics Group [Institut Jean Lamour]
• 2. LPTMS - Laboratoire de Physique Théorique et Modèles Statistiques
• 3. MIT - Massachusetts Institute of Technology

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• ## Convex hulls of random walks in higher dimensions: A large-deviation study

### Hendrik Schawe 1 Alexander K. Hartmann 1 Satya N. Majumdar 2

#### Physical Review E , American Physical Society (APS), 2017, 96 (6), 〈10.1103/PhysRevE.96.062101〉

The distribution of the hypervolume $V$ and surface $\partial V$ of convex hulls of (multiple) random walks in higher dimensions are determined numerically, especially containing probabilities far smaller than $P = 10^{-1000}$ to estimate large deviation properties. For arbitrary dimensions and large walk lengths $T$, we suggest a scaling behavior of the distribution with the length of the walk $T$ similar to the two-dimensional case, and behavior of the distributions in the tails. We underpin both with numerical data in $d=3$ and $d=4$ dimensions. Further, we confirm the analytically known means of those distributions and calculate their variances for large $T$.

• 1. University of Oldenburg
• 2. LPTMS - Laboratoire de Physique Théorique et Modèles Statistiques

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• ## Distinguishing humans from computers in the game of go: A complex network approach

### C. Coquidé 1 Bertrand Georgeot 1 Olivier Giraud 2

#### EPL - Europhysics Letters, European Physical Society/EDP Sciences/Società Italiana di Fisica/IOP Publishing, 2017, 119 (4), pp.48001. 〈10.1209/0295-5075/119/48001〉

We compare complex networks built from the game of go and obtained from databases of human-played games with those obtained from computer-played games. Our investigations show that statistical features of the human-based networks and the computer-based networks differ, and that these differences can be statistically significant on a relatively small number of games using specific estimators. We show that the deterministic or stochastic nature of the computer algorithm playing the game can also be distinguished from these quantities. This can be seen as tool to implement a Turing-like test for go simulators.

• 1. Information et Chaos Quantiques (LPT)
• 2. LPTMS - Laboratoire de Physique Théorique et Modèles Statistiques

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• ## Enhanced Dynamics of Confined Cytoskeletal Filaments Driven by Asymmetric Motors

### Arvind Ravichandran 1 Gerrit A. Vliegenthart 1 Guglielmo Saggiorato 1, 2 Thorsten Auth 1 Gerhard Gompper 1

#### Biophysical Journal, Biophysical Society, 2017, 113 (5), pp.1121 - 1132. 〈10.1016/j.bpj.2017.07.016〉

• 1. Institute of Complex Systems and Institute for Advanced Simulation
• 2. LPTMS - Laboratoire de Physique Théorique et Modèles Statistiques
• ## Entanglement and the truncated moment problem

### Fabian Bohnet-Waldraff 1, 2 Daniel Braun 2 Olivier Giraud 1

#### Physical Review A, American Physical Society, 2017, 96 (3), pp.032312. 〈10.1103/PhysRevA.96.032312〉

We map the quantum entanglement problem onto the mathematically well-studied truncated moment problem. This yields a necessary and sufficient condition for separability that can be checked by a hierarchy of semi-definite programs. The algorithm always gives a certificate of entanglement if the state is entangled. If the state is separable, typically a certificate of separability is obtained in a finite number of steps and an explicit decomposition into separable pure states can be extracted.

• 1. LPTMS - Laboratoire de Physique Théorique et Modèles Statistiques
• 2. Institut für Physikalische und Theoretische Chemie

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• ## Entangling Two Individual Atoms of Different Isotopes via Rydberg Blockade

### Yong Zeng 1 Peng Xu 1 Xiaodong He 1 Yangyang Liu 1 Min Liu 1 Jin Wang 1 D. j. Papoular 2 G. v. Shlyapnikov 3 Mingsheng Zhan 1

#### Physical Review Letters, American Physical Society, 2017, 119 (16), 〈10.1103/PhysRevLett.119.160502〉

Quantum entanglement is crucial for simulating and understanding exotic physics of strongly correlated many-body systems, such as high--temperature superconductors, or fractional quantum Hall states. The entanglement of non-identical particles exhibits richer physics of strong many-body correlations and offers more opportunities for quantum computation, especially with neutral atoms where in contrast to ions the interparticle interaction is widely tunable by Feshbach resonances. Moreover, the inter-species entanglement forms a basis for the properties of various compound systems, ranging from Bose-Bose mixtures to photosynthetic light-harvesting complexes. So far, the inter-species entanglement has only been obtained for trapped ions. Here we report on the experimental realization of entanglement of two neutral atoms of different isotopes. A ${}^{87}\mathrm{Rb}$ atom and a ${}^{85}\mathrm{Rb}$ atom are confined in two single--atom optical traps separated by 3.8 $\mu$m. Creating a strong Rydberg blockade, we demonstrate a heteronuclear controlled--NOT (C--NOT) quantum gate and generate a heteronuclear entangled state, with raw fidelities $0.73 \pm 0.01$ and $0.59 \pm 0.03$, respectively. Our work, together with the technologies of single--qubit gate and C--NOT gate developed for identical atoms, can be used for simulating any many--body system with multi-species interactions. It also has applications in quantum computing and quantum metrology, since heteronuclear systems exhibit advantages in low crosstalk and in memory protection.

• 1. State Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance and Atomic and Molecular Physics, Wuhan Institute of Physics and Mathematics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430071 China
• 2. LPTM - Laboratoire de Physique Théorique et Modélisation
• 3. LPTMS - Laboratoire de Physique Théorique et Modèles Statistiques

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• ## Evolution of initial discontinuities in the Riemann problem for the Kaup-Boussinesq equation with positive dispersion

### T. Congy 1 S. K. Ivanov 2, 3 A. M. Kamchatnov 4 N. Pavloff 1

#### Chaos, American Institute of Physics, 2017, 27 (8), pp.083107. 〈10.1063/1.4997052〉

We consider the space-time evolution of initial discontinuities of depth and flow velocity for an integrable version of the shallow water Boussinesq system introduced by Kaup. We focus on a specific version of this "Kaup-Boussinesq model" for which a flat water surface is modulationally stable, we speak below of "positive dispersion" model. This model also appears as an approximation to the equations governing the dynamics of polarisation waves in two-component Bose-Einstein condensates. We describe its periodic solutions and the corresponding Whitham modulation equations. The self-similar, one-phase wave structures are composed of different building blocks which are studied in detail. This makes it possible to establish a classification of all the possible wave configurations evolving from initial discontinuities. The analytic results are confirmed by numerical simulations.

• 1. LPTMS - Laboratoire de Physique Théorique et Modèles Statistiques
• 2. MIPT - Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology [Moscow]
• 3. Institute of Spectroscopy
• 4. Institute of Spectroscopy

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• ## Exact Extremal Statistics in the Classical 1D Coulomb Gas

### Abhishek DharAnupam KunduSatya Majumdar 1 Sanjib SabhapanditGrégory Schehr 1

#### Phys.Rev.Lett., 2017, 119 (6), pp.060601. 〈10.1103/PhysRevLett.119.060601〉

We consider a one-dimensional classical Coulomb gas of N-like charges in a harmonic potential—also known as the one-dimensional one-component plasma. We compute, analytically, the probability distribution of the position xmax of the rightmost charge in the limit of large N. We show that the typical fluctuations of xmax around its mean are described by a nontrivial scaling function, with asymmetric tails. This distribution is different from the Tracy-Widom distribution of xmax for Dyson’s log gas. We also compute the large deviation functions of xmax explicitly and show that the system exhibits a third-order phase transition, as in the log gas. Our theoretical predictions are verified numerically.

• 1. LPTMS - Laboratoire de Physique Théorique et Modèles Statistiques

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• ## Extensile actomyosin?

### Martin Lenz 1

#### European Biophysics Journal with Biophysics Letters, 2017

Living cells move thanks to assemblies of actin filaments and myosin motors that range from very organized striated muscle tissue to disordered intracellular bundles. The mechanisms powering these disordered structures are debated, and all models studied so far predict that they are contractile. We reexamine this prediction through a theoretical treatment of the interplay of three well-characterized internal dynamical processes in actomyosin bundles: actin treadmilling, the attachement-detachment dynamics of myosin and that of crosslinking proteins. We show that these processes enable an extensive control of the bundle's active mechanics, including reversals of the filaments' apparent velocities and the possibility of generating extension instead of contraction. These effects offer a new perspective on well-studied in vivo systems, as well as a robust criterion to experimentally elucidate the underpinnings of actomyosin activity.

• 1. LPTMS - Laboratoire de Physique Théorique et Modèles Statistiques

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• ## First Gap Statistics of Long Random Walks with Bounded Jumps

### Philippe Mounaix 1 Gregory Schehr 2

#### Journal of Physics A: Mathematical and Theoretical, IOP Publishing, 2017, 50 (18), pp.185001

We study one-dimensional discrete as well as continuous time random walks, either with a fixed number of steps (for discrete time) $n$ or on a fixed time interval $T$ (for continuous time). In both cases, we focus on symmetric probability distribution functions (PDF) of jumps with a finite support $[-g_{max}, g_{max}]$. For continuous time random walks (CTRWs), the waiting time $\tau$ between two consecutive jumps is a random variable whose probability distribution (PDF) has a power law tail $\Psi(\tau) \propto \tau^{-1-\gamma}$, with $0<\gamma<1$. We obtain exact results for the joint statistics of the gap between the first two maximal positions of the random walk and the time elapsed between them. We show that for large $n$ (or large time $T$ for CTRW), this joint PDF reaches a stationary joint distribution which exhibits an interesting concentration effect in the sense that a gap close to its maximum possible value, $g\approx g_{max}$, is much more likely to be achieved by two successive jumps rather than by a long walk between the first two maxima. Our numerical simulations confirm this concentration effect.

• 1. CPHT - Centre de Physique Théorique [Palaiseau]
• 2. LPTMS - Laboratoire de Physique Théorique et Modèles Statistiques

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• ## Five-Body Efimov Effect and Universal Pentamer in Fermionic Mixtures

### Betzalel Bazak 1 Dmitry S. Petrov 2, 3

#### Physical Review Letters, American Physical Society, 2017, 118 (8), pp.083002

We show that four heavy fermions interacting resonantly with a lighter atom (4+1 system) become Efimovian at mass ratio 13.279(2), which is smaller than the corresponding 2+1 and 3+1 thresholds. We thus predict the five-body Efimov effect for this system in the regime where any of its subsystem is non- Efimovian. For smaller mass ratios we show the existence and calculate the energy of a universal 4+1 pentamer state, which continues the series of the 2+1 trimer predicted by Kartavtsev and Malykh and 3+1 tetramer discovered by Blume. We also show that the effective-range correction for the light-heavy interaction has a strong effect on all these states and larger effective ranges increase their tendency to bind.

• 1. IPNO - Institut de Physique Nucléaire d'Orsay
• 2. Kavli Institute for Theoretical Institute
• 3. LPTMS - Laboratoire de Physique Théorique et Modèles Statistiques

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• ## Floquet Engineering of Haldane Chern Insulators and Chiral bosonic phase transitions

### Kirill Plekhanov 1, 2 Guillaume Roux 2 Karyn Le Hur 1

#### Physical Review B : Condensed matter and materials physics, American Physical Society, 2017, 95, pp.045102

The realization of synthetic gauge fields has attracted a lot of attention recently in relation with periodically driven systems and the Floquet theory. In ultra-cold atom systems in optical lattices and photonic networks, this allows to simulate exotic phases of matter such as quantum Hall phases, anomalous quantum Hall phases and analogs of topological insulators. In this paper, we apply the Floquet theory to engineer anisotropic Haldane models on the honeycomb lattice and two-leg ladder systems. We show that these anisotropic Haldane models still possess a topologically non-trivial band structure associated with chiral edge modes (without the presence of a net unit flux in a unit cell), then referring to the quantum anomalous Hall effect. Focusing on (interacting) boson systems in s-wave bands of the lattice, we show how to engineer through the Floquet theory, a quantum phase transition between a uniform superfluid and a BEC (Bose-Einstein Condensate) analog of FFLO (Fulde-Ferrell-Larkin-Ovchinnikov) states, where bosons condense at non-zero wave-vectors. We perform a Ginzburg-Landau analysis of the quantum phase transition on the graphene lattice, and compute observables such as chiral currents and the momentum distribution. The results are supported by exact diagonalization calculations and compared with those of the isotropic situation. The validity of high-frequency expansion in the Floquet theory is also tested using time-dependent simulations for various parameters of the model. Last, we show that the anisotropic choice for the effective vector potential allows a bosonization approach in equivalent ladder (strip) geometries.

• 1. CPHT - Centre de Physique Théorique [Palaiseau]
• 2. LPTMS - Laboratoire de Physique Théorique et Modèles Statistiques

Details
• ## Fragmented-condensate solid of dipolar excitons

### S. V. Andreev 1, 2, 3

#### Physical Review B : Condensed matter and materials physics, American Physical Society, 2017, 95 (18), pp.184519. 〈10.1103/PhysRevB.95.184519〉

We discuss a possible link between the recently observed macroscopic ordering of ultracold dipolar excitons (MOES) and the phenomenon of supersolidity. In the dilute limit we predict a stable supersolid state for a quasi-one-dimensional system of bosonic dipoles characterized by two-and three-body contact repulsion. We phenomenologically extend our theory to the strongly-correlated regime and find a critical value of the contact interaction parameter at which the supersolid exhibits a quantum phase transition to a fragmented state. The wavelength of the fragmented-condensate solid is defined by the balance between the quantum pressure and the entropy due to fluctuations of the relative phases between the fragments. Our model appears to be in good agreement with the relevant experimental data, including the very recent results on commensurability effect and wavelength of the MOES.

• 1. LOMA - Laboratoire Ondes et Matière d'Aquitaine
• 2. ITMO - National Research University of Information Technologies, Mechanics and Optics [St. Petersburg]
• 3. LPTMS - Laboratoire de Physique Théorique et Modèles Statistiques

Details
• ## Fulde-Ferrell-Larkin-Ovchinnikov state in bilayer dipolar systems

### Hao Lee 1, 2, 3 S. I. Matveenko 3, 4 Daw-Wei Wang 1, 2 G. V. Shlyapnikov 3, 5, 6, 7, 8

#### Physical Review A, American Physical Society, 2017, 96 (6), 〈10.1103/PhysRevA.96.061602〉

We study the phase diagram of fermionic polar molecules in a bilayer system, with an imbalance of molecular densities of the layers. For the imbalance exceeding a critical value the system undergoes a transition from the uniform interlayer superfluid to the Fulde-Ferrell-Larkin-Ovchinnikov (FFLO) state with a stripe structure, and at sufficiently large imbalance a transition from the FFLO to normal phase. Compared to the case of contact interactions, the FFLO regime is enhanced by the long-range character of the interlayer dipolar interaction, which can combine the s-wave and p-wave pairing in the order parameter.

• 1. NTHU - National Tsing Hua University [Hsinchu]
• 2. NCTS - National Center for Theoretical Sciences [Taiwan]
• 3. LPTMS - Laboratoire de Physique Théorique et Modèles Statistiques
• 4. L.D. Landau Institute for Theoretical Physics of RAS
• 5. SPEC - UMR3680 - Service de physique de l'état condensé
• 6. Russian Quantum Center
• 7. VAN DER WAALS-ZEEMAN INSTITUTE - University of Amsterdam Van der Waals-Zeeman Institute
• 8. Wuhan Institute of Physics and Mathematics

Details
• ## Genuine localisation transition in a long-range hopping model

### Xiangyu Cao 1 Alberto Rosso 1 Jean-Philippe Bouchaud 2 Pierre Le Doussal 3

#### Physical Review E , American Physical Society (APS), 2017, 95 (6), pp.062118

We introduce and study a new class of Banded Random Matrix model describing sparse, long range quantum hopping in one dimension. Using a series of analytic arguments, numerical simulations, and mappings to statistical physics models, we establish the phase diagram of the model. A genuine localisation transition, with well defined mobility edges, appears as the hopping rate decreases slower than $\ell^{-2}$, where $\ell$ is the distance. Correspondingly, the decay of the localised states evolves from a standard exponential shape to a stretched exponential and finally to a novel $\exp(-C\ln^\kappa \ell)$ behaviour, with $\kappa > 1$.

• 1. LPTMS - Laboratoire de Physique Théorique et Modèles Statistiques
• 2. CFM - Capital Fund Management
• 3. LPTENS - Laboratoire de Physique Théorique de l'ENS

Details
• ## Genuinely entangled symmetric states with no N -partite correlations

### S. Designolle 1, 2 O. Giraud 2 J. Martin 3

#### Physical Review A, American Physical Society, 2017, 96 (3), pp.032322. 〈10.1103/PhysRevA.96.032322〉

We investigate genuinely entangled $N$-qubit states with no $N$-partite correlations in the case of symmetric states. Using a tensor representation for mixed symmetric states, we obtain a simple characterization of the absence of $N$-partite correlations. We show that symmetric states with no $N$-partite correlations cannot exist for an even number of qubits. We fully identify the set of genuinely entangled symmetric states with no $N$-partite correlations in the case of three qubits, and in the case of rank-two states. We present a general procedure to construct families for arbitrary odd number of qubits.

• 1. Ecole Polytechnique - X
• 2. LPTMS - Laboratoire de Physique Théorique et Modèles Statistiques
• 3. Institut de Physique Nucl'eaire, Atomique et de Spectroscopie

Details
• ## Geometrical frustration yields fiber formation in self-assembly

### Martin Lenz 1 Thomas A. Witten 2

#### Nature Physics, Nature Publishing Group, 2017

Controlling the self-assembly of supramolecular structures is vital for living cells, and a central challenge for engineering at the nano- and microscales. Nevertheless, even particles without optimized shapes can robustly form well-defined morphologies. This is the case in numerous medical conditions where normally soluble proteins aggregate into fibers. Beyond the diversity of molecular mechanisms involved, we propose that fibers generically arise from the aggregation of irregular particles with short-range interactions. Using a minimal model of ill-fitting, sticky particles, we demonstrate robust fiber formation for a variety of particle shapes and aggregation conditions. Geometrical frustration plays a crucial role in this process, and accounts for the range of parameters in which fibers form as well as for their metastable character.

• 1. LPTMS - Laboratoire de Physique Théorique et Modèles Statistiques
• 2. University of Chicago

Details
• ## Kinetic energy of a trapped Fermi gas at finite temperature

### Jacek Grela 1 Satya N. Majumdar 1 Gregory Schehr 1

#### Physical Review Letters, American Physical Society, 2017, 119, pp.130601

We study the statistics of the kinetic (or equivalently potential) energy for $N$ non-interacting fermions in a $1d$ harmonic trap of frequency $\omega$, at finite temperature $T$. Remarkably, we find an exact solution for the full distribution of the kinetic energy, at any temperature $T$ and for any $N$, using a non-trivial mapping to an integrable Calogero-Moser-Sutherland model. As a function of temperature $T$, and for large $N$, we identify: (i) a quantum regime, for $T \sim \hbar \omega$, where quantum fluctuations dominate and (ii) a thermal regime, for $T \sim N \hbar \omega$, governed by thermal fluctuations. We show how the mean, the variance as well as the large deviation function associated with the distribution of the kinetic energy cross over from the quantum to the thermal regime as temperature increases.

• 1. LPTMS - Laboratoire de Physique Théorique et Modèles Statistiques

Details
• ## Large deviations

### Satya N. Majumdar 1 Gregory Schehr 1

This is a brief pedagogical introduction to the theory of large deviations. It appeared in the ICTS Newsletter 2017 (Volume 3, Issue 2), goo.gl/pZWA6X.

• 1. LPTMS - Laboratoire de Physique Théorique et Modèles Statistiques

Details
• ## Liouville field theory and log-correlated Random Energy Models

### Xiangyu Cao 1 Alberto Rosso 1 Raoul Santachiara 1 Pierre Le Doussal 2 Pierre Le Doussal 2

#### Physical Review Letters, American Physical Society, 2017, 118 (9), pp.090601

An exact mapping is established between the $c\geq25$ Liouville field theory (LFT) and the Gibbs measure statistics of a thermal particle in a 2D Gaussian Free Field plus a logarithmic confining potential. The probability distribution of the position of the minimum of the energy landscape is obtained exactly by combining the conformal bootstrap and one-step replica symmetry breaking methods. Operator product expansions in LFT allow to unveil novel universal behaviours of the log-correlated Random Energy class. High precision numerical tests are given.

• 1. LPTMS - Laboratoire de Physique Théorique et Modèles Statistiques
• 2. LPTENS - Laboratoire de Physique Théorique de l'ENS

Details
• ## Localization Transition Induced by Learning in Random Searches

### Andrea Falcón-Cortés 1 Denis Boyer 2 Luca Giuggioli 3 Satya N. Majumdar 4

#### Physical Review Letters, American Physical Society, 2017, 119 (14), 〈10.1103/PhysRevLett.119.140603〉

We solve an adaptive search model where a random walker or L\'evy flight stochastically resets to previously visited sites on a $d$-dimensional lattice containing one trapping site. Due to reinforcement, a phase transition occurs when the resetting rate crosses a threshold above which non-diffusive stationary states emerge, localized around the inhomogeneity. The threshold depends on the trapping strength and on the walker's return probability in the memoryless case. The transition belongs to the same class as the self-consistent theory of Anderson localization. These results show that similarly to many living organisms and unlike the well-studied Markovian walks, non-Markov movement processes can allow agents to learn about their environment and promise to bring adaptive solutions in search tasks.

• 1. UNAM - Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México
• 2. Instituto de Fisica
• 3. University of Bristol [Bristol]
• 4. LPTMS - Laboratoire de Physique Théorique et Modèles Statistiques

Details
• ## Long time scaling behaviour for diffusion with resetting and memory

### Denis Boyer 1 Martin R. Evans 2 Satya N. Majumdar 3

#### Journal of Statistical Mechanics: Theory and Experiment, IOP Science, 2017, 2017 (2), pp.023208

We consider a continuous-space and continuous-time diffusion process under resetting with memory. A particle resets to a position chosen from its trajectory in the past according to a memory kernel. Depending on the form of the memory kernel, we show analytically how different asymptotic behaviours of the variance of the particle position emerge at long times. These range from standard diffusive ($\sigma^2 \sim t$) all the way to anomalous ultraslow growth $\sigma^2 \sim \ln \ln t$.

• 1. UNAM - Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México
• 2. SUPA - School of Physics, University of Edinburgh
• 3. LPTMS - Laboratoire de Physique Théorique et Modèles Statistiques

Details
• ## Loop expansion around the Bethe approximation through the $M$-layer construction

### Ada Altieri 1, 2 Maria Chiara Angelini 3 Carlo Lucibello 4 Giorgio Parisi 5, 6, 7 Federico Ricci-Tersenghi 8, 6, 7 Tommaso Rizzo 9, 10

#### Journal of Statistical Mechanics: Theory and Experiment, IOP Science, 2017

For every physical model defined on a generic graph or factor graph, the Bethe $M$-layer construction allows building a different model for which the Bethe approximation is exact in the large $M$ limit and it coincides with the original model for $M=1$. The $1/M$ perturbative series is then expressed by a diagrammatic loop expansion in terms of so-called fat-diagrams. Our motivation is to study some important second-order phase transitions that do exist on the Bethe lattice but are either qualitatively different or absent in the corresponding fully connected case. In this case the standard approach based on a perturbative expansion around the naive mean field theory (essentially a fully connected model) fails. On physical grounds, we expect that when the construction is applied to a lattice in finite dimension there is a small region of the external parameters close to the Bethe critical point where strong deviations from mean-field behavior will be observed. In this region, the $1/M$ expansion for the corrections diverges and it can be the starting point for determining the correct non-mean-field critical exponents using renormalization group arguments. In the end, we will show that the critical series for the generic observable can be expressed as a sum of Feynman diagrams with the same numerical prefactors of field theories. However, the contribution of a given diagram is not evaluated associating Gaussian propagators to its lines as in field theories: one has to consider the graph as a portion of the original lattice, replacing the internal lines with appropriate one-dimensional chains, and attaching to the internal points the appropriate number of infinite-size Bethe trees to restore the correct local connectivity of the original model.

• 1. Department of Physics [Roma La Sapienza]
• 2. LPTMS - Laboratoire de Physique Théorique et Modèles Statistiques
• 3. Dipartimento di Fisica, Sapienza Università di Roma
• 4. Polito - Politecnico di Torino [Torino]
• 5. Dipartimento di Fisica
• 6. S.Li.M. Lab - Soft and Living Matter Laboratory
• 7. Sapienza Universit'a di Roma and Sezione INFN
• 8. Dipartimento di Fisica and INFM
• 9. Dipartimento di Fisica [Roma La Sapienza]
• 10. ISC - Institute for Complex Systems, CNR-Italy

Details
• ## Many body heat radiation and heat transfer in the presence of a non-absorbing background medium

### Muller Boris 1 Incardone Roberta 1 Mauro Antezza 2, 3 Emig Thorsten 4, 5 Kruger Matthias 1

#### Physical Review B : Condensed matter and materials physics, American Physical Society, 2017, 95, pp.085413. 〈10.1103/PhysRevB.95.085413〉

Heat radiation and near-field radiative heat transfer can be strongly manipulated by adjusting geometrical shapes, optical properties, or the relative positions of the objects involved. Typically, these objects are considered as embedded in vacuum. By applying the methods of fluctuational electrodynamics, we derive general closed-form expressions for heat radiation and heat transfer in a system of N arbitrary objects embedded in a passive nonabsorbing background medium. Taking into account the principle of reciprocity, we explicitly prove the symmetry and positivity of transfer in any such system. Regarding applications, we find that the heat radiation of a sphere as well as the heat transfer between two parallel plates is strongly enhanced by the presence of a background medium. Regarding near- and far-field transfer through a gas like air, we show that a microscopic model (based on gas particles) and a macroscopic model (using a dielectric contrast) yield identical results. We also compare the radiative transfer through a medium like air and the energy transfer found from kinetic gas theory.

• 1. Max Planck Institute for Intelligent Systems
• 2. L2C - Laboratoire Charles Coulomb
• 3. Théorie du rayonnement matière et phénomènes quantiques
• 4. (MSC)2 UMI3466 CNRS-MIT - Multi-Scale Material Science for Energy and Environment
• 5. LPTMS - Laboratoire de Physique Théorique et Modèles Statistiques
• ## Mean perimeter and mean area of the convex hull over planar random walks

### Denis S. Grebenkov 1 Yann Lanoiselée 2 Satya N. Majumdar 3 Denis Grebenkov 1 Satya N Majumdar 3

#### Journal of Statistical Mechanics: Theory and Experiment, IOP Science, 2017, 2017 (10), 〈10.1088/1742-5468/aa8c11〉

We investigate the geometric properties of the convex hull over $n$ successive positions of a planar random walk, with a symmetric continuous jump distribution. We derive the large $n$ asymptotic behavior of the mean perimeter. In addition, we compute the mean area for the particular case of isotropic Gaussian jumps. While the leading terms of these asymptotics are universal, the subleading (correction) terms depend on finer details of the jump distribution and describe a "finite size effect" of discrete-time jump processes, allowing one to accurately compute the mean perimeter and the mean area even for small $n$, as verified by Monte Carlo simulations. This is particularly valuable for applications dealing with discrete-time jumps processes and ranging from the statistical analysis of single-particle tracking experiments in microbiology to home range estimations in ecology.

• 1. LPMC - Laboratoire de physique de la matière condensée
• 2. LPMC - Laboratoire de Physique de la Matière Condensée
• 3. LPTMS - Laboratoire de Physique Théorique et Modèles Statistiques

Details
• ## Mean-field avalanches in jammed spheres

### Silvio Franz 1 Stefano Spigler 1

#### Physical Review E , American Physical Society (APS), 2017, 95 (2), pp.022139

Disordered systems are characterized by the existence of many sample- dependent local energy minima, that cause a stepwise response when the system is perturbed. In this article we use an approach based on elementary probabilistic methods to compute the complete probability distribution of the jumps (static avalanches) in the response of mean-field systems described by replica symmetry breaking; we find a precise condition for having a power-law behavior in the distribution of avalanches caused by small perturbations, and we show that our predictions are in remarkable agreement both with previous results and with what is found in simulations of three dimensional systems of soft-spheres, either at jamming or at slightly higher densities.

• 1. LPTMS - Laboratoire de Physique Théorique et Modèles Statistiques

Details
• ## Mechanisms of jamming in the Nagel-Schreckenberg model for traffic flow

### Henrik Bette 1, 2 Lars Habel 2 Thorsten Emig 3, 1, 4 Michael Schreckenberg 2

#### Physical Review E , American Physical Society (APS), 2017, 95 (1), 〈10.1103/PhysRevE.95.012311〉

• 1. MSE2 - Multiscale Materials Science for Energy and Environment
• 2. Universität Duisburg-Essen [Essen]
• 3. LPTMS - Laboratoire de Physique Théorique et Modèles Statistiques
• 4. MIT - Massachusetts Institute of Technology
• ## Mechanistic understanding toward the toxicity of graphene-family materials to freshwater algae

### J. Zhao 1 X. Cao 2 Z. Wang 3 Y. Dai 4 B. Xing

#### Water Res, 2017, 111, pp.18-27. 〈10.1016/j.watres.2016.12.037〉

no abstract

• 1. Shenzhen University
• 2. LPTMS - Laboratoire de Physique Théorique et Modèles Statistiques
• 3. BIOVERT - BIOVERT
• 4. LPEM - Laboratoire de Physique et d'Etude des Matériaux
• ## Modification of the Porter-Thomas distribution by rank-one interaction

### E. Bogomolny 1

#### Physical Review Letters, American Physical Society, 2017, 118 (2), pp.022501

The Porter-Thomas (PT) distribution of resonance widths is one of the oldest and simplest applications of statistical ideas in nuclear physics. Previous experimental data confirmed it quite well but recent and more careful investigations show clear deviations from this distribution. To explain these discrepancies the authors of [PRL \textbf{115}, 052501 (2015)] argued that to get a realistic model of nuclear resonances is not enough to consider one of the standard random matrix ensembles which leads immediately to the PT distribution but it is necessary to add a rank-one interaction which couples resonances to decay channels. The purpose of the paper is to solve this model analytically and to find explicitly the modifications of the PT distribution due to such interaction. Resulting formulae are simple, in a good agreement with numerics, and could explain experimental results.

• 1. LPTMS - Laboratoire de Physique Théorique et Modèles Statistiques

Details
• ## Non-equilibrium Fluctuational Quantum Electrodynamics: Heat Radiation, Heat Transfer, and Force

### G. Bimonte 1, 2 T. Emig 3, 4 M. Kardar 3 M. Krüger 5

#### Annual Review of Condensed Matter Physics, 2017, 8, pp.119

Quantum and thermal fluctuations of electromagnetic waves are the cornerstone of quantum and statistical physics, and inherent to such phenomena as thermal radiation and van der Waals forces. While the basic principles are the material of elementary texts, recent experimental and technological advances have made it necessary to come to terms with counterintuitive consequences of electromagnetic fluctuations at short scales -- in the so called {\it near-field} regime. We focus on three manifestations of such behavior: {\bf (i)} The Stefan--Boltzmann law describes thermal radiation from macroscopic bodies, but fails to account for magnitude, polarization and coherence of radiation from small objects (say compared to the skin depth). {\bf (ii)} The heat transfer between two bodies at similar close proximity is dominated by evanescent waves, and can be several orders of magnitude larger than the classical contribution due to propagating waves. {\bf (iii)} Casimir/van der Waals interactions are a dominant force between objects at sub-micron separation; the non-equilibrium analogs of this force (for objects at different temperatures) have not been sufficiently explored (at least experimentally). To explore these phenomena we introduce the tool of fluctuational quantum electrodynamics (QED) originally introduced by Rytov in the 1950s. Combined with a scattering formalism, this enables studies of heat radiation and transfer, equilibrium and non-equilibrium forces for objects of different material properties, shapes, separations and arrangements.

• 1. Università degli studi di Napoli Federico II
• 2. INFN, Sezione di Napoli - Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Sezione di Napoli
• 3. MIT - Massachusetts Institute of Technology
• 4. LPTMS - Laboratoire de Physique Théorique et Modèles Statistiques
• 5. Max Planck Institute for Intelligent Systems

Details
• ## Non-equilibrium fluctuations of a semi-flexible filament driven by active cross-linkers

### Ines Weber 1, 2 Cecile Appert-Rolland 2 Gregory Schehr 3 Ludger Santen 1

#### EPL - Europhysics Letters, European Physical Society/EDP Sciences/Società Italiana di Fisica/IOP Publishing, 2017

The cytoskeleton is an inhomogeneous network of semi-flexible filaments, which are involved in a wide variety of active biological processes. Although the cytoskeletal filaments can be very stiff and embedded in a dense and cross-linked network, it has been shown that, in cells, they typically exhibit significant bending on all length scales. In this work we propose a model of a semi-flexible filament deformed by different types of cross-linkers for which one can compute and investigate the bending spectrum. Our model allows to couple the evolution of the deformation of the semi-flexible polymer with the stochastic dynamics of linkers which exert transversal forces onto the filament. We observe a $q^{-2}$ dependence of the bending spectrum for some biologically relevant parameters and in a certain range of wavenumbers $q$. However, generically, the spatially localized forcing and the non-thermal dynamics both introduce deviations from the thermal-like $q^{-2}$ spectrum.

• 1. Saarland University [Saarbrücken]
• 2. LPT - Laboratoire de Physique Théorique d'Orsay [Orsay]
• 3. LPTMS - Laboratoire de Physique Théorique et Modèles Statistiques

Details
• ## Nonlinear mechanical response of supercooled melts under applied forces

### Heliana Cárdenas 1 Fabian Frahsa 2 Sebastian Fritschi 2 Alexandre Nicolas 3 Simon Papenkort 1 Thomas Voigtmann 1, 4 Matthias Fuchs 2

#### European Physical Journal - Special Topics, EDP Sciences, 2017, 226 (14), pp.3039 - 3060. 〈10.1140/epjst/e2017-70079-3〉

• 1. Institut für Materialphysik im Weltraum
• 2. Fachbereich Physik [Konstanz]
• 3. LPTMS - Laboratoire de Physique Théorique et Modèles Statistiques
• 4. Institut fur Theoretische Physik
• ## On Thouless bandwidth formula in the Hofstadter model

### Stéphane Ouvry 1 Shuang Wu 1

#### Journal of Physics A: Mathematical and General , IOP Publishing, 2017

We generalize Thouless bandwidth formula to its n-th moment. We obtain a closed expression in terms of polygamma, zeta and Euler numbers.

• 1. LPTMS - Laboratoire de Physique Théorique et Modèles Statistiques

Details
• ## P-wave superfluidity of atomic lattice fermions

### A. K. Fedorov 1, 2 V. I. Yudson 3, 1 G. V. Shlyapnikov 4, 5, 1, 2, 6

#### Physical Review A, American Physical Society, 2017, 95 (4), pp.043615

We discuss the emergence of p-wave superfluidity of identical atomic fermions in a two-dimensional optical lattice. The optical lattice potential manifests itself in an interplay between an increase in the density of states on the Fermi surface and the modification of the fermion-fermion interaction (scattering) amplitude. The density of states is enhanced due to an increase of the effective mass of atoms. In deep lattices the scattering amplitude is strongly reduced compared to free space due to a small overlap of wavefunctions of fermion sitting in the neighboring lattice sites, which suppresses the p-wave superfluidity. However, for moderate lattice depths the enhancement of the density of states can compensate the decrease of the scattering amplitude. Moreover, the lattice setup significantly reduces inelastic collisional losses, which allows one to get closer to a p-wave Feshbach resonance. This opens possibilities to obtain the topological $p_x+ip_y$ superfluid phase, especially in the recently proposed subwavelength lattices. We demonstrate this for the two-dimensional version of the Kronig-Penney model allowing a transparent physical analysis.

• 1. Russian Quantum Center
• 2. LPTMS - Laboratoire de Physique Théorique et Modèles Statistiques
• 3. National Research University Higher School of Economics [Moscow]
• 4. VAN DER WAALS-ZEEMAN INSTITUTE - University of Amsterdam Van der Waals-Zeeman Institute
• 5. Wuhan Institute of Physics and Mathematics
• 6. SPEC - UMR3680 - Service de physique de l'état condensé

Details
• ## Pedestrian flows through a narrow doorway: Effect of individual behaviours on the global flow and microscopic dynamics

### Alexandre Nicolas 1, 2 Sebastián Bouzat 2 Marcelo Kuperman 3, 2

#### Transportation Research Part B: Methodological, Elsevier, 2017

We study the dynamics of pedestrian evacuations through a narrow doorway by means of controlled experiments. The influence of the pedestrians' behaviours is investigated by prescribing a selfish attitude to a fraction c_s of the participants, while the others behave politely. Thanks to an original setup enabling the re-injection of egressed participants into the room, the analysis is conducted in a (macroscopically) quasi-stationary regime. We find that, as c_s is increased, the flow rate J rises, interpolating between published values for egresses in normal conditions and measurements for competitive evacuations. The dependence of several flow properties on the pedestrian density ρ at the door, independently of c_s , suggests that macroscopically the behavioural aspects could be subsumed under the density, at least in our specific settings with limited crowd pressure. In particular, under these conditions, J grows monotonically with ρ up to " close-packing " (ρ ≈ 9 pers/m²). The flow is then characterised microscopically. Among other quantities, the time lapses between successive escapes, the pedestrians' waiting times in front of the door, and their angles of incidence are analysed statistically. In a nutshell, our main results show that the flow is orderly for polite crowds, with narrowly distributed time lapses between egresses, while for larger c_s the flow gets disorderly and vanishing time lapses emerge. For all c_s , we find an alternation between short and long time lapses, which we ascribe to a generalised zipper effect. The average waiting time in the exit zone increases with its occupancy. The disorder in the flow and the pressure felt by participants are also assessed.

• 1. LPTMS - Laboratoire de Physique Théorique et Modèles Statistiques
• 2. Centre Atomico Bariloche, CNEA and CONICET
• 3. Instituto Balseiro

Details
• ## Periodic Airy process and equilibrium dynamics of edge fermions in a trap

### Pierre Le Doussal 1 Satya N. Majumdar 2 Gregory Schehr 2

#### Annals of Physics, 2017, 383, pp.312 - 345

We establish an exact mapping between (i) the equilibrium (imaginary time) dynamics of non-interacting fermions trapped in a harmonic potential at temperature $T=1/\beta$ and (ii) non-intersecting Ornstein-Uhlenbeck (OU) particles constrained to return to their initial positions after time $\beta$. Exploiting the determinantal structure of the process we compute the universal correlation functions both in the bulk and at the edge of the trapped Fermi gas. The latter corresponds to the top path of the non-intersecting OU particles, and leads us to introduce and study the time-periodic Airy$_2$ process, ${\cal A}^b_2(u)$, depending on a single parameter, the period $b$. The standard Airy$_2$ process is recovered for $b=+\infty$. We discuss applications of our results to the real time quantum dynamics of trapped fermions.

• 1. LPTENS - Laboratoire de Physique Théorique de l'ENS
• 2. LPTMS - Laboratoire de Physique Théorique et Modèles Statistiques

Details
• ## Phase diagram of the hexagonal lattice quantum dimer model: Order parameters, ground-state energy, and gaps

### Thiago M. SchlittlerRémy Mosseri 1 Thomas Barthel 2, 3 Thiago Schlittler 1

#### Physical Review B : Condensed matter and materials physics, American Physical Society, 2017, 96 (19), 〈10.1103/PhysRevB.96.195142〉

The phase diagram of the quantum dimer model on the hexagonal (honeycomb) lattice is computed numerically, extending on earlier work by Moessner, Sondhi, and Chandra. The different ground state phases are studied in detail using several local and global observables. In addition, we analyze imaginary-time correlation functions to determine ground state energies as well as gaps to the first excited states. This leads in particular to a confirmation that the intermediary so-called plaquette phase is gapped -- a point which was previously advocated with general arguments and some data for an order parameter, but required a more direct proof. On the technical side, we describe an efficient world-line quantum Monte Carlo algorithm with improved cluster updates that increase acceptance probabilities by taking account of potential terms of the Hamiltonian during the cluster construction. The Monte Carlo simulations are supplemented with variational computations.

• 1. LPTMC - Laboratoire de Physique Théorique de la Matière Condensée
• 2. LPTMS - Laboratoire de Physique Théorique et Modèles Statistiques
• 3. Duke university [Durham]

Details
• ## Pickands’ constant at first order in an expansion around Brownian motion

### Mathieu Delorme 1 Alberto Rosso 2 Kay Jörg Wiese 1

#### Journal of Physics A: Mathematical and Theoretical, IOP Publishing, 2017, 50, pp.16LT04

In the theory of extreme values of Gaussian processes, many results are expressed in terms of the Pickands constant $\mathcal{H}_{\alpha}$. This constant depends on the local self-similarity exponent $\alpha$ of the process, i.e. locally it is a fractional Brownian motion (fBm) of Hurst index $H=\alpha/2$. Despite its importance, only two values of the Pickands constant are known: ${\cal H}_1 =1$ and ${\cal H}_2=1/\sqrt{\pi}$. Here, we extend the recent perturbative approach to fBm to include drift terms. This allows us to investigate the Pickands constant $\mathcal{H}_{\alpha}$ around standard Brownian motion ($\alpha =1$) and to derive the new exact result $\mathcal{H}_{\alpha}=1 - (\alpha-1) \gamma_{\rm E} + \mathcal{O}\!\left( \alpha-1\right)^{2}$.

• 1. LPTENS - Laboratoire de Physique Théorique de l'ENS
• 2. LPTMS - Laboratoire de Physique Théorique et Modèles Statistiques

Details
• ## Precursor of the Laughlin state of hard-core bosons on a two-leg ladder

### Alexandru Petrescu 1 Marie Piraud 2 Guillaume Roux 3 I. P. Mcculloch 4 Karyn Le Hur 5

#### Physical Review B : Condensed matter and materials physics, American Physical Society, 2017, 96 (1), pp.014524. 〈10.1103/PhysRevB.96.014524〉

• 1. EE - Department of Electrical Engineering [Princeton]
• 2. Department of Physics and Arnold Sommerfeld Center for Theoretical Physics
• 3. LPTMS - Laboratoire de Physique Théorique et Modèles Statistiques
• 4. ARC Centre for Engineered Quantum Systems
• 5. CPHT - Centre de Physique Théorique [Palaiseau]
• ## Probability distribution of the entanglement across a cut at an infinite-randomness fixed point

### Trithep Devakul 1 Satya N. Majumdar 2 David A. Huse 1

#### Physical Review B : Condensed matter and materials physics, American Physical Society, 2017, 95 (10), pp.104204

We calculate the probability distribution of entanglement entropy S across a cut of a finite one dimensional spin chain of length L at an infinite randomness fixed point using Fisher's strong randomness renormalization group (RG). Using the random transverse-field Ising model as an example, the distribution is shown to take the form $p(S|L) \sim L^{-\psi(k)}$, where $k = S / \log [L/L_0]$, the large deviation function $\psi(k)$ is found explicitly, and $L_0$ is a nonuniversal microscopic length. We discuss the implications of such a distribution on numerical techniques that rely on entanglement, such as matrix product state (MPS) based techniques. Our results are verified with numerical RG simulations, as well as the actual entanglement entropy distribution for the random transverse-field Ising model which we calculate for large L via a mapping to Majorana fermions.

• 1. DPPU - Department of Physics,Princeton University
• 2. LPTMS - Laboratoire de Physique Théorique et Modèles Statistiques

Details
• ## Quand le squelette des cellules produit des forces

### Martin Lenz 1

#### médecine/sciences, EDP Sciences, 2017, 33 (2), pp.121 - 123. 〈10.1051/medsci/20173302002〉

• 1. LPTMS - Laboratoire de Physique Théorique et Modèles Statistiques
• ## Quantum Ising model in transverse and longitudinal fields: chaotic wave functions

### Y. Y. Atas 1 E. Bogomolny 2

#### Journal of Physics A: Mathematical and General , IOP Publishing, 2017, 50, pp.385102

The construction of a statistical model for eigenfunctions of the Ising model in transverse and longitudinal fields is discussed in detail for the chaotic case. When the number of spins is large, each wave function coefficient has the Gaussian distribution with zero mean and the variance calculated from the first two moments of the Hamiltonian. The main part of the paper is devoted to the discussion of different corrections to the asymptotic result. One type of corrections is related with higher order moments of the Hamiltonian and can be taken into account by Gibbs-like formulae. Another corrections are due to symmetry contributions which manifest as different numbers of non-zero real and complex coefficients. Statistical model with these corrections included agrees well with numerical calculations of wave function moments.

• 1. School of Mathematics and Physics
• 2. LPTMS - Laboratoire de Physique Théorique et Modèles Statistiques

Details
• ## Quantum Phases and Collective Excitations of a Spin-Orbit-Coupled Bose–Einstein Condensate in a One-Dimensional Optical Lattice

### G. Martone 1

#### Journal of Low Temperature Physics, Springer Verlag (Germany), 2017, 189 (5-6), pp.262 - 275. 〈10.1007/s10909-017-1816-9〉

• 1. LPTMS - Laboratoire de Physique Théorique et Modèles Statistiques
• ## Quantum quenches with random matrix Hamiltonians and disordered potentials

### Fabian Kolley 1 Oriol Bohigas 2 Boris V. Fine 1, 3

#### Annalen der Physik, 2017

We numerically investigate statistical ensembles for the occupations of eigenstates of an isolated quantum system emerging as a result of quantum quenches. The systems investigated are sparse random matrix Hamiltonians and disordered lattices. In the former case, the quench consists of sudden switching-on the off-diagonal elements of the Hamiltonian. In the latter case, it is sudden switching-on of the hopping between adjacent lattice sites. The quench-induced ensembles are compared with the so-called "quantum micro-canonical" (QMC) ensemble describing quantum superpositions with fixed energy expectation values. Our main finding is that quantum quenches with sparse random matrices having one special diagonal element lead to the condensation phenomenon predicted for the QMC ensemble. Away from the QMC condensation regime, the overall agreement with the QMC predictions is only qualitative for both random matrices and disordered lattices but with some cases of a very good quantitative agreement. In the case of disordered lattices, the QMC ensemble can be used to estimate the probability of finding a particle in a localized or delocalized eigenstate.

• 1. University of Heidelberg
• 2. LPTMS - Laboratoire de Physique Théorique et Modèles Statistiques
• 3. Skoltech - Skolkovo Institute of Science and Technology [Moscow]

Details
• ## Quasi-universality in mixed salt-free counterions systems

### M. Trulsson 1 Ladislav Šamaj 2 E. Trizac 1

#### EPL - Europhysics Letters, European Physical Society/EDP Sciences/Società Italiana di Fisica/IOP Publishing, 2017, 118 (1), pp.16001

The screening of plate-plate interactions by counterions is an age-old problem. We revisit this classic question when counterions exhibit a distribution of charges. While it is expected that the long-distance regime of interactions is universal, the behaviour of the inter-plate pressure at smaller distances should a priori depend rather severely on the nature of the ionic mixture screening the plate charges. We show that is not the case, and that for comparable Coulombic couplings, different systems exhibit a quasi-universal equation of state.

• 1. LPTMS - Laboratoire de Physique Théorique et Modèles Statistiques
• 2. INSTITUTE OF PHYSICS - SLOVAK ACADEMY OF SCIENCES Institute of Physics Dubraska cesta 9, 84228 Bratislava, Slovaquie

Details
• ## Regularly Decomposable Tensors and Classical Spin States

### Liqun Qi 1 Guofeng Zhang 1 Daniel Braun 2 Fabian Bohnet-Waldraff 3, 2 Olivier Giraud 3

#### Communications in Mathematical Sciences, International Press, 2017, 15, pp.1651

A spin-$j$ state can be represented by a symmetric tensor of order $N=2j$ and dimension $4$. Here, $j$ can be a positive integer, which corresponds to a boson; $j$ can also be a positive half-integer, which corresponds to a fermion. In this paper, we introduce regularly decomposable tensors and show that a spin-$j$ state is classical if and only if its representing tensor is a regularly decomposable tensor. In the even-order case, a regularly decomposable tensor is a completely decomposable tensor but not vice versa; a completely decomposable tensors is a sum-of-squares (SOS) tensor but not vice versa; an SOS tensor is a positive semi-definite (PSD) tensor but not vice versa. In the odd-order case, the first row tensor of a regularly decomposable tensor is regularly decomposable and its other row tensors are induced by the regular decomposition of its first row tensor. We also show that complete decomposability and regular decomposability are invariant under orthogonal transformations, and that the completely decomposable tensor cone and the regularly decomposable tensor cone are closed convex cones. Furthermore, in the even-order case, the completely decomposable tensor cone and the PSD tensor cone are dual to each other. The Hadamard product of two completely decomposable tensors is still a completely decomposable tensor. Since one may apply the positive semi-definite programming algorithm to detect whether a symmetric tensor is an SOS tensor or not, this gives a checkable necessary condition for classicality of a spin-$j$ state. Further research issues on regularly decomposable tensors are also raised.

• 1. POLYU - The Hong Kong Polytechnic University [Hong Kong]
• 2. Institut für Physikalische und Theoretische Chemie, Universität Tübingen, Tübingen
• 3. LPTMS - Laboratoire de Physique Théorique et Modèles Statistiques

Details
• ## Scaling Description of Non-Local Rheology

### Thomas Gueudré 1 Jie Lin 2 Alberto Rosso 3 Matthieu Wyart 4

#### Soft Matter, Royal Society of Chemistry, 2017, 13, pp.3794

Non-locality is crucial to understand the plastic flow of an amorphous material, and has been successfully described by the fluidity, along with a cooperativity length scale {\xi}. We demonstrate, by applying the scaling hypothesis to the yielding transition, that non-local effects in non-uniform stress configurations can be explained within the framework of critical phenomena. From the scaling description, scaling relations between different exponents are derived, and collapses of strain rate profiles are made both in shear driven and pressure driven flow. We find that the cooperative length in non-local flow is governed by the same correlation length in finite dimensional homogeneous flow, excluding the mean field exponents. We also show that non-locality also affects the finite size scaling of the yield stress, especially the large finite size effects observed in pressure driven flow. Our theoretical results are nicely verified by the elasto-plastic model, and experimental data.

• 1. Polito - Politecnico di Torino [Torino]
• 2. DEPARTMENT OF PHYSICS - New York University
• 3. LPTMS - Laboratoire de Physique Théorique et Modèles Statistiques
• 4. Institute of Theoretical Physics, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale, de Lausanne (EPFL), CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland

Details
• ## Search in Patchy Media: Exploration-Exploitation Tradeoff

### M. Chupeau 1, 2 O. Bénichou 2 S. Redner 3, 4

#### Physical Review E , American Physical Society (APS), 2017, 95 (1), pp.012157

How to best exploit patchy resources? This long-standing question belongs to the extensively studied class of explore/exploit problems that arise in a wide range of situations, from animal foraging, to robotic exploration, and to human decision processes. Despite its broad relevance, the issue of optimal exploitation has previously only been tackled through two paradigmatic limiting models---patch-use and random search---that do not account for the interplay between searcher motion within patches and resource depletion. Here, we bridge this gap by introducing a minimal patch exploitation model that incorporates this coupling: the searcher depletes the resources along its random-walk trajectory within a patch and travels to a new patch after it takes $\mathcal{S}$ consecutive steps without finding resources. We compute the distribution of the amount of resources $F_t$ consumed by time $t$ for this non-Markovian random walker and show that exploring multiple patches is beneficial. In one dimension, we analytically derive the optimal strategy to maximize $F_t$. We show that this strategy is robust with respect to the distribution of resources within patches and the criterion for leaving a given patch. We also show that $F_t$ can be optimized in the ecologically-relevant case of two-dimensional patchy environments.

• 1. LPTMS - Laboratoire de Physique Théorique et Modèles Statistiques
• 2. LPTMC - Laboratoire de Physique Théorique de la Matière Condensée
• 3. BU - Boston University [Boston]
• 4. Santa Fe Institute

Details
• ## Second level semi-degenerate fields in W3 Toda theory: matrix element and differential equation

### Vladimir Belavin 1, 2 Xiangyu Cao 3 Benoit Estienne 4 Raoul Santachiara 3

#### Journal of High Energy Physics, Springer, 2017, 3, pp.008

In a recent study we considered W3 Toda 4-point functions that involve matrix elements of a primary field with the highest-weight in the adjoint representation of sl3. We generalize this result by considering a semi-degenerate primary field, which has one null vector at level two. We obtain a sixth-order Fuchsian differential equation for the conformal blocks. We discuss the presence of multiplicities, the matrix elements and the fusion rules.

• 1. P. N. Lebedev Physical Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences
• 2. IITP - Institute for Information Transmission Problems
• 3. LPTMS - Laboratoire de Physique Théorique et Modèles Statistiques
• 4. LPTHE - Laboratoire de Physique Théorique et Hautes Energies

Details
• ## Shape of the magnetoroton at $\nu=1/3$ and $\nu=7/3$ in real samples

### Thierry Jolicoeur 1

#### Physical Review B : Condensed matter and materials physics, American Physical Society, 2017, 95, pp.075201

We revisit the theory of the collective neutral excitation mode in the fractional quantum Hall effect at Landau level filling fractions $\nu=1/3$ and $\nu=7/3$. We include the effect of finite thickness of the two-dimensional electron gas and use extensive exact diagonalizations in the torus geometry. In the lowest Landau level the collective gapped mode i.e. the magnetoroton always merges in the continuum in the long-wavelength limit. In the second Landau level the mode is well-defined only for wavevectors smaller than a critical value and disappears in the continuum beyond this point. Its curvature near zero momentum is opposite to that of the LLL. It is well separated from the continuum even at zero momentum and the gap of the continuum of higher-lying states is twice the collective mode gap at $k=0$. The shape of the dispersion relation survives a perturbative treatment of Landau level mixing.

• 1. LPTMS - Laboratoire de Physique Théorique et Modèles Statistiques

Details
• ## Solution of the Riemann problem for polarization waves in a two-component Bose-Einstein condensate

### S. K. Ivanov 1, 2 A. M. Kamchatnov 3, 1 T. Congy 4 N. Pavloff 4

#### Physical Review E , American Physical Society (APS), 2017, 96 (6), 〈10.1103/PhysRevE.96.062202〉

We provide a classification of the possible flow of two-component Bose-Einstein condensates evolving from initially discontinuous profiles. We consider the situation where the dynamics can be reduced to the consideration of a single polarization mode (also denoted as "magnetic excitation") obeying a system of equations equivalent to the Landau-Lifshitz equation for an easy-plane ferro-magnet. We present the full set of one-phase periodic solutions. The corresponding Whitham modulation equations are obtained together with formulas connecting their solutions with the Riemann invariants of the modulation equations. The problem is not genuinely nonlinear, and this results in a non-single-valued mapping of the solutions of the Whitham equations with physical wave patterns as well as to the appearance of new elements --- contact dispersive shock waves --- that are absent in more standard, genuinely nonlinear situations. Our analytic results are confirmed by numerical simulations.

• 1. MIPT - Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology [Moscow]
• 2. Institute of Spectroscopy of the RAS
• 3. Institute of Spectroscopy
• 4. LPTMS - Laboratoire de Physique Théorique et Modèles Statistiques

Details
• ## Spatio-temporal patterns in ultra-slow domain wall creep dynamics

### Ezequiel E. Ferrero 1 Laura Foini 2 Thierry Giamarchi 2 Alejandro B. Kolton 3 Alberto Rosso 4

#### Physical Review Letters, American Physical Society, 2017, 118 (14), pp.147208

In presence of impurities, ferromagnetic and ferroelectric domain walls slide only above a finite external field. Close to this depinning threshold, they proceed by large and abrupt jumps, called avalanches, while, at much smaller field, these interfaces creep by thermal activation. In this work we develop a novel numerical technique that captures the ultra-slow creep regime over huge time scales. We point out the existence of activated events that involve collective reorganizations similar to avalanches, but, at variance with them, display correlated spatio-temporal patterns that resemble the complex sequence of aftershocks observed after a large earthquake. Remarkably, we show that events assembly in independent clusters that display at large scales the same statistics as critical depinning avalanches. We foresee this correlated dynamics being experimentally accessible by magneto-optical imaging of ferromagnetic films.

• 1. LIPhy - Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire de Physique [Saint Martin d’Hères]
• 2. Department of Quantum Matter Physics
• 3. CONICET Centro Atomico Bariloche
• 4. LPTMS - Laboratoire de Physique Théorique et Modèles Statistiques

Details
• ## Spectroscopy and Directed Transport of Topological Solitons in Crystals of Trapped Ions

### J. Brox 1 P. Kiefer 1 M. Bujak 1 H. Landa 2 T. Schaetz 1

#### Physical Review Letters, American Physical Society, 2017, 119 (15), 〈10.1103/PhysRevLett.119.153602〉

We study experimentally and theoretically discrete solitons in crystalline structures consisting of several tens of laser-cooled ions confined in a radiofrequency trap. Resonantly exciting localized, spectrally gapped vibrational modes of the soliton, a nonlinear mechanism leads to a nonequilibrium steady state of the continuously cooled crystal. We find that the propagation and the escape of the soliton out of its a quasi-one-dimensional channel can be described as a thermal activation mechanism. We control the effective temperature of the soliton's collective coordinate by the amplitude of the external excitation. Furthermore, the global trapping potential permits controlling the soliton dynamics and realizing directed transport depending on its topological charge.

• 1. Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg
• 2. LPTMS - Laboratoire de Physique Théorique et Modèles Statistiques

Details
• ## Statistics of fermions in a $d$-dimensional box near a hard wall

### Bertrand Lacroix-A-Chez-Toine 1 Pierre Le Doussal 2 Satya N. Majumdar 1 Gregory Schehr 1

#### EPL - Europhysics Letters, European Physical Society/EDP Sciences/Società Italiana di Fisica/IOP Publishing, 2017

We study $N$ noninteracting fermions in a domain bounded by a hard wall potential in $d \geq 1$ dimensions. We show that for large $N$, the correlations at the edge of the Fermi gas (near the wall) at zero temperature are described by a universal kernel, different from the universal edge kernel valid for smooth potentials. We compute this $d$ dimensional hard edge kernel exactly for a spherical domain and argue, using a generalized method of images, that it holds close to any sufficiently smooth boundary. As an application we compute the quantum statistics of the position of the fermion closest to the wall. Our results are then extended in several directions, including non-smooth boundaries such as a wedge, and also to finite temperature.

• 1. LPTMS - Laboratoire de Physique Théorique et Modèles Statistiques
• 2. LPTENS - Laboratoire de Physique Théorique de l'ENS

Details
• ## Statistics of fermions in a d-dimensional box near a hard wall

### Bertrand Lacroix-A-Chez-Toine 1 Pierre Le Doussal 2 Satya Majumdar 1 Grégory Schehr 1

#### EPL, 2017, 120 (1), pp.10006. 〈10.1209/0295-5075/120/10006〉

We study N noninteracting fermions in a domain bounded by a hard-wall potential in dimensions. We show that for large N, the correlations at the edge of the Fermi gas (near the wall) at zero temperature are described by a universal kernel, different from the universal edge kernel valid for smooth confining potentials. We compute this d-dimensional hard edge kernel exactly for a spherical domain and argue, using a generalized method of images, that it holds close to any sufficiently smooth boundary. As an application we compute the quantum statistics of the position of the fermion closest to the hard wall. Our results are then extended in several directions, including non-smooth boundaries such as a wedge, and also to finite temperature.

• 1. LPTMS - Laboratoire de Physique Théorique et Modèles Statistiques
• 2. LPTENS - Laboratoire de Physique Théorique de l'ENS

Details
• ## Statistics of the maximal distance and momentum in a trapped Fermi gas at low temperature

### David S. Dean 1 Pierre Le Doussal 2 Satya. N. Majumdar 3 Gregory Schehr 3, *

#### Journal of Statistical Mechanics: Theory and Experiment, IOP Science, 2017, 2017 (6), pp.063301 (1-39). 〈10.1088/1742-5468/aa6dda〉

We consider N non-interacting fermions in an isotropic d-dimensional harmonic trap. We compute analytically the cumulative distribution of the maximal radial distance of the fermions from the trap center at zero temperature. While in d = 1 the limiting distribution (in the large N limit), properly centered and scaled, converges to the squared Tracy–Widom distribution of the Gaussian unitary ensemble in random matrix theory, we show that for all d > 1, the limiting distribution converges to the Gumbel law. These limiting forms turn out to be universal, i.e. independent of the details of the trapping potential for a large class of isotropic trapping potentials. We also study the position of the right-most fermion in a given direction in d dimensions and, in the case of a harmonic trap, the maximum momentum, and show that they obey similar Gumbel statistics. Finally, we generalize these results to low but finite temperature.

• 1. LOMA - Laboratoire Ondes et Matière d'Aquitaine
• 2. LPTENS - Laboratoire de Physique Théorique de l'ENS
• 3. LPTMS - Laboratoire de Physique Théorique et Modèles Statistiques

Details
• ## Survival probability of random walks and Lévy flights on a semi-infinite line

### Satya N. Majumdar 1 Philippe Mounaix 2 Gregory Schehr 1 Satya Majumdar 1

#### Journal of Physics A: Mathematical and Theoretical, IOP Publishing, 2017, 50 (46), 〈10.1088/1751-8121/aa8d28〉

We consider a one-dimensional random walk (RW) with a continuous and symmetric jump distribution, $f(\eta)$, characterized by a L\'evy index $\mu \in (0,2]$, which includes standard random walks ($\mu=2$) and L\'evy flights ($0<\mu<2$). We study the survival probability, $q(x_0,n)$, representing the probability that the RW stays non-negative up to step $n$, starting initially at $x_0 \geq 0$. Our main focus is on the $x_0$-dependence of $q(x_0,n)$ for large $n$. We show that $q(x_0,n)$ displays two distinct regimes as $x_0$ varies: (i) for $x_0= O(1)$ ("quantum regime"), the discreteness of the jump process significantly alters the standard scaling behavior of $q(x_0,n)$ and (ii) for $x_0 = O(n^{1/\mu})$ ("classical regime") the discrete-time nature of the process is irrelevant and one recovers the standard scaling behavior (for $\mu =2$ this corresponds to the standard Brownian scaling limit). The purpose of this paper is to study how precisely the crossover in $q(x_0,n)$ occurs between the quantum and the classical regime as one increases $x_0$.

• 1. LPTMS - Laboratoire de Physique Théorique et Modèles Statistiques
• 2. CPHT - Centre de Physique Théorique [Palaiseau]

Details
• ## Temperature Distribution and Heat Radiation of Patterned Surfaces at Short Wave Lengths

### Thorsten Emig 1, 2

#### Physical Review E , American Physical Society (APS), 2017, 95 (5), pp.052104

We analyze the equilibrium spatial distribution of surface temperatures of patterned surfaces. The surface is exposed to a constant external heat flux and has a fixed internal temperature that is coupled to the outside heat fluxes by finite heat conductivity across surface. It is assumed that the temperatures are sufficiently high so that the thermal wavelength (a few microns at room temperature) is short compared to all geometric length scales of the surface patterns. Hence the radiosity method can be employed. A recursive multiple scattering method is developed that enables rapid convergence to equilibrium temperatures. While the temperature distributions show distinct dependence on the detailed surface shapes (cuboids and cylinder are studied), we demonstrate robust universal relations between the mean and the standard deviation of the temperature distributions and quantities that characterize overall geometric features of the surface shape.

• 1. MIT - Massachusetts Institute of Technology
• 2. LPTMS - Laboratoire de Physique Théorique et Modèles Statistiques

Details
• ## The open XXX spin chain in the SoV framework: scalar product of separate states

### Nikolai Kitanine 1, * Jean-Michel Maillet 2 Giuliano Niccoli 2 Véronique Terras 3

#### Journal of Physics A: Mathematical and Theoretical, IOP Publishing, 2017, 50 (22), pp.224001. 〈10.1088/1751-8121/aa6cc9〉

We consider the XXX open spin-1/2 chain with the most general non-diagonal boundary terms, that we solve by means of the quantum separation of variables (SoV) approach. We compute the scalar products of separate states, a class of states which notably contains all the eigenstates of the model. As usual for models solved by SoV, these scalar products can be expressed as some determinants with a non-trivial dependance in terms of the inhomogeneity parameters that have to be introduced for the method to be applicable. We show that these determinants can be transformed into alternative ones in which the homogeneous limit can easily be taken. These new representations can be considered as generalizations of the well-known determinant representation for the scalar products of the Bethe states of the periodic chain. In the particular case where a constraint is applied on the boundary parameters, such that the transfer matrix spectrum and eigenstates can be characterized in terms of polynomial solutions of a usual T-Q equation, the scalar product that we compute here corresponds to the scalar product between two off-shell Bethe-type states. If in addition one of the states is an eigenstate, the determinant representation can be simplified, hence leading in this boundary case to direct analogues of algebraic Bethe ansatz determinant representations of the scalar products for the periodic chain.

• 1. IMB - Institut de Mathématiques de Bourgogne [Dijon]
• 2. Phys-ENS - Laboratoire de Physique de l'ENS Lyon
• 3. LPTMS - Laboratoire de Physique Théorique et Modèles Statistiques

Details
• ## Three-dimensional resistivity switching between correlated electronic states in 1T-TaS2

### Damjan Svetin 1 Igor Vaskivskyi 2 Serguei Brazovskii 3 Dragan Mihailovic 4, 1, 2

#### Scientific Reports, Nature Publishing Group, 2017, 7, pp.46048

Recent demonstrations of controlled switching between different ordered macroscopic states by impulsive electromagnetic perturbations in complex materials have opened some fundamental questions on the mechanisms responsible for such remarkable behavior. Here we experimentally address the question of whether two-dimensional (2D) Mott physics can be responsible for unusual switching between states of different electronic order in the layered dichalcogenide 1T-TaS2, or it is a result of subtle inter-layer orbitronic re-ordering of its helical stacking structure. We report on the switching properties both in-plane and perpendicular to the layers by current-pulse injection, the anisotropy of electronic transport in the commensurate ground state, and relaxation properties of the switched metastable state. Contrary to recent theoretical calculations, which predict a uni-directional metal perpendicular to the layers, we observe a large resistivity in this direction, with a temperature-dependent anisotropy. Remarkably, large resistance ratios are observed in the memristive switching both in-plane (IP) and out-of-plane (OP). The relaxation dynamics of the metastable state for both IP and OP electron transport are seemingly governed by the same mesoscopic quantum re-ordering process. We conclude that 1T-TaS2 shows resistance switching arising from an interplay of both IP and OP correlations.

• 1. Department of Complex Matter
• 2. University of Ljubljana
• 3. LPTMS - Laboratoire de Physique Théorique et Modèles Statistiques
• 4. CENN Nanocenter

Details
• ## Truncated linear statistics associated with the eigenvalues of random matrices II. Partial sums over proper time delays for chaotic quantum dots

### Aurélien Grabsch 1 Satya N. Majumdar 1 Christophe Texier 1

Invariant ensembles of random matrices are characterized by the distribution of their eigenvalues $\{\lambda_1,\cdots,\lambda_N\}$. We study the distribution of truncated linear statistics of the form $\tilde{L}=\sum_{i=1}^p f(\lambda_i)$ with $p • 1. LPTMS - Laboratoire de Physique Théorique et Modèles Statistiques Download PDF via arXiV.org Details • ## Truncated linear statistics associated with the top eigenvalues of random matrices ### Aurélien Grabsch 1 Satya N. Majumdar 1 Christophe Texier 1 #### Journal of Statistical Physics, Springer Verlag, 2017, 167 (2), pp.234 - 259 Given a certain invariant random matrix ensemble characterised by the joint probability distribution of eigenvalues$P(\lambda_1,\cdots,\lambda_N)$, many important questions have been related to the study of linear statistics of eigenvalues$L=\sum_{i=1}^Nf(\lambda_i)$, where$f(\lambda)$is a known function. We study here truncated linear statistics where the sum is restricted to the$N_1

• 1. LPTMS - Laboratoire de Physique Théorique et Modèles Statistiques

Details
• ## Two- and three-body problem with Floquet-driven zero-range interactions

### A. G. Sykes 1 H. Landa 1 D. S. Petrov 1

#### Physical Review A, American Physical Society, 2017, 95 (6), pp.062705

We study the two-body scattering problem in the zero-range approximation with a sinusoidally driven scattering length and calculate the relation between the mean value and amplitude of the drive for which the effective scattering amplitude is resonantly enhanced. In this manner we arrive at a family of curves along which the effective scattering length diverges but the nature of the corresponding Floquet-induced resonance changes from narrow to wide. Remarkably, on these curves the driving does not induce heating. In order to study the effect of these resonances on the three-body problem we consider one light and two heavy particles with driven heavy-light interaction in the Born-Oppenheimer approximation and find that the Floquet driving can be used to tune the three-body and inelasticity parameters.

• 1. LPTMS - Laboratoire de Physique Théorique et Modèles Statistiques

Details
• ## Two-body relaxation of spin-polarized fermions in reduced dimensionalities near a p-wave Feshbach resonance

### D. V. Kurlov 1 G. V. Shlyapnikov 2

#### Physical Review A, American Physical Society, 2017, 95 (3), pp.032710

We study inelastic two-body relaxation in a spin-polarized ultracold Fermi gas in the presence of a p-wave Feshbach resonance. It is shown that in reduced dimensionalities, especially in the quasi-one-dimensional case, the enhancement of the inelastic rate constant on approach to the resonance is strongly suppressed compared to three dimensions. This may open promising paths for obtaining novel many-body states.

• 1. VAN DER WAALS-ZEEMAN INSTITUTE - University of Amsterdam Van der Waals-Zeeman Institute
• 2. LPTMS - Laboratoire de Physique Théorique et Modèles Statistiques

Details
• ## Universality of the SAT-UNSAT (jamming) threshold in non-convex continuous constraint satisfaction problems

### Pierfrancesco Urbani 1 Francesco Zamponi 2 Silvio Franz 3 Giorgio Parisi 4 Maksim Sevelev 3

#### SciPost Physics, 2017, 2 (3), pp.019

Random constraint satisfaction problems (CSP) have been studied extensively using statistical physics techniques. They provide a benchmark to study average case scenarios instead of the worst case one. The interplay between statistical physics of disordered systems and computer science has brought new light into the realm of computational complexity theory, by introducing the notion of clustering of solutions, related to replica symmetry breaking. However, the class of problems in which clustering has been studied often involve discrete degrees of freedom: standard random CSPs are random K-SAT (aka disordered Ising models) or random coloring problems (aka disordered Potts models). In this work we consider instead problems that involve continuous degrees of freedom. The simplest prototype of these problems is the perceptron. Here we discuss in detail the full phase diagram of the model. In the regions of parameter space where the problem is non-convex, leading to multiple disconnected clusters of solutions, the solution is critical at the SAT/UNSAT threshold and lies in the same universality class of the jamming transition of soft spheres. We show how the critical behavior at the satisfiability threshold emerges, and we compute the critical exponents associated to the approach to the transition from both the SAT and UNSAT phase. We conjecture that there is a large universality class of non-convex continuous CSPs whose SAT-UNSAT threshold is described by the same scaling solution.

• 1. IPHT - Institut de Physique Théorique - UMR CNRS 3681
• 2. LPTENS - Laboratoire de Physique Théorique de l'ENS
• 3. LPTMS - Laboratoire de Physique Théorique et Modèles Statistiques
• 4. Dipartimento di Fisica [Roma]

Details
• ## What drives transient behavior in complex systems?

### Jacek Grela 1

#### Phys.Rev.E, 2017, 96 (2), pp.022316. 〈10.1103/PhysRevE.96.022316〉

We study transient behavior in the dynamics of complex systems described by a set of nonlinear ordinary differential equations. Destabilizing nature of transient trajectories is discussed and its connection with the eigenvalue-based linearization procedure. The complexity is realized as a random matrix drawn from a modified May-Wigner model. Based on the initial response of the system, we identify a novel stable-transient regime. We calculate exact abundances of typical and extreme transient trajectories finding both Gaussian and Tracy-Widom distributions known in extreme value statistics. We identify degrees of freedom driving transient behavior as connected to the eigenvectors and encoded in a nonorthogonality matrix T0. We accordingly extend the May-Wigner model to contain a phase with typical transient trajectories present. An exact norm of the trajectory is obtained in the vanishing T0 limit where it describes a normal matrix.

• 1. LPTMS - Laboratoire de Physique Théorique et Modèles Statistiques